404 lines
16 KiB
Plaintext
404 lines
16 KiB
Plaintext
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// =============================================================================
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// MeshSafe L2B YARA 规则集 —— Windows PE 恶意程序专项（C1 + C8）
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// =============================================================================
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//
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// 设计原则：
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// - 所有规则使用 2-3 特征组合命中（API 组合 + C2 URL + Mutex 持久化等）
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// - binary.py 的 PE 结构分析负责：节熵 + 签名 + 可疑导入（单 API）
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// - YARA 负责：多 API 组合 + 字符串组合 + 壳 + 勒索专项
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// - 命中后作为 finding 交给 PolicyEngine 权重累加，不直接零容忍
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//
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// 范围：
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// - C1: Windows PE 恶意程序（注入器 / 下载器 / RAT / Loader）
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// - C8: 勒索 / 挖矿专项
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// - C9: 壳 / 签名 / 结构异常（binary.py 已覆盖大部分，YARA 补充壳特征）
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//
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// 维护：
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// - 新恶意家族出现时，优先补充"API 组合 + Mutex 名 + C2 URL"三件套
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// - 壳特征（UPX/Themida/VMP）可识别后自动送沙箱深检
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// =============================================================================
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// =============================================================================
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// C1-1 进程注入三件套（VirtualAllocEx + WriteProcessMemory + CreateRemoteThread）
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// binary.py 扫了 SuspiciousImports（单个 API），但 3 个同时出现 = 必然是注入器
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// =============================================================================
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rule C1_PE_ProcessInjection {
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meta:
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risk_level = "critical"
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category = "C1"
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false_positive_rate = "low"
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reference = "MITRE ATT&CK T1055 Process Injection"
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description = "PE 文件同时导入 进程注入三件套 API = 远控/注入器特征"
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strings:
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$s1 = "VirtualAllocEx" ascii
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$s2 = "WriteProcessMemory" ascii
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$s3 = "CreateRemoteThread" ascii
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// 备选：Nt 系列（NtUnmapViewOfSection + VirtualAllocEx + CreateRemoteThread）
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$n1 = "NtUnmapViewOfSection" ascii
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$n2 = "NtMapViewOfSection" ascii
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$n3 = "ZwUnmapViewOfSection" ascii
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// 也可能是 QueueUserAPC 注 APC 注入
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$apc = "QueueUserAPC" ascii
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// 或 SetWindowsHookEx DLL 注入
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$hook = "SetWindowsHookEx" ascii
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condition:
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// 经典三件套（必须同时命中）
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$s1 and $s2 and $s3
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or
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// Nt 系列内存注入（至少 2 个 Nt + 1 个注入）
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(any of ($n1, $n2, $n3) and any of ($s1, $s3, $apc))
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or
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// APC 注入 + VirtualAllocEx
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$apc and $s1
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or
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// Hook DLL 注入
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$hook and $s1
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}
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// =============================================================================
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// C1-2 下载器组合（网络 API + 本地持久化 / 执行）
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// 单一 URLDownloadToFile 不致命，但 "下载 + 执行 + 持久化" 三件套 = Loader
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// =============================================================================
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rule C1_PE_Downloader_Loader {
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meta:
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risk_level = "high"
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category = "C1"
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false_positive_rate = "low"
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reference = "MITRE ATT&CK T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer"
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description = "下载器组合：HTTP/FTP 下载 + 写入到可疑路径 + 执行"
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strings:
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// 网络下载 API（任选其一）
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$net1 = "URLDownloadToFile" ascii
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$net2 = "InternetOpenUrl" ascii
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$net3 = "WinHttpOpen" ascii
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$net4 = "WinHttpOpenRequest" ascii
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$net5 = "FtpOpenFile" ascii
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$net6 = "DownloadFile" ascii
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$net7 = "WinHttpSendRequest" ascii
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// 写入/保存到本地
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$save1 = "WriteFile" ascii
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$save2 = "SaveToFile" ascii
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$save3 = "URLDownloadToCacheFile" ascii
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// 执行下载的载荷
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$exec1 = "WinExec" ascii
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$exec2 = "CreateProcess" ascii
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$exec3 = "ShellExecute" ascii
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$exec4 = "CreateRemoteThread" ascii
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// 持久化（注册表/启动项）
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$persist1 = "RegSetValueEx" ascii
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$persist2 = "SetServiceObjectSecurity" ascii
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$persist3 = "CreateService" ascii
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$persist4 = "schtasks.exe" ascii
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$persist5 = "RUN" ascii // HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
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condition:
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// 下载 + 保存 + 执行（三件套）
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any of ($net*) and any of ($save*) and any of ($exec*)
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or
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// 下载 + 持久化（即使没执行也是准备投毒）
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any of ($net*) and any of ($persist*)
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or
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// 执行 + 持久化（下载可能在运行时动态完成）
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any of ($exec1, $exec2, $exec3) and any of ($persist*)
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}
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// =============================================================================
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// C1-3 RAT / 远控特征（C2 通信 + 命令执行 + 持久化）
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// =============================================================================
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rule C1_PE_RAT_CommandControl {
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meta:
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risk_level = "critical"
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category = "C1"
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false_positive_rate = "medium"
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reference = "MITRE ATT&CK T1071 Application Layer Protocol"
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description = "RAT C2 通信特征：WinHTTP/WSASend + 命令执行 API + 可疑 URL/域名"
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strings:
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// C2 网络通道
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$c2_send = /WSASend|send\s*\(|sendto|WinHttpSendRequest|InternetWriteFile/ ascii
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$c2_recv = /WSARecv|recv\s*\(|recvfrom|WinHttpReadData|InternetReadFile/ ascii
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$c2_connect = /WSAConnect|connect\s*\(|WinHttpConnect|InternetConnect/ ascii
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// 命令执行
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$cmd = /CreateProcess|ShellExecute|WinExec|system\s*\(|popen/ ascii
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// 可疑 C2 URL（可执行文件里出现 http://...exe 或常见 C2 域名）
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$c2url1 = /http:\/\/\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}:\d{2,5}/ ascii
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$c2url2 = /https?:\/\/[^\"\s'\)]+\.(ru|top|xyz|tk|ml|ga|gq|cf|pw|click|stream|xyz|buzz|loan)\/[^\"\s'\)]*\.exe/ ascii
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$c2url3 = /(c2|panel|gate|bot|ops|serv|beacon|stage|stager)\.(ru|top|xyz|cc|io|com|net)/ ascii
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condition:
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// C2 通信 + 命令执行（至少两个网络 + 一个命令）
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any of ($c2_send, $c2_recv, $c2_connect) and any of ($cmd*) and any of ($c2url*)
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or
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// C2 URL 模式 + 网络 API
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any of ($c2url*) and any of ($c2_connect, $c2_send)
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}
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// =============================================================================
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// C1-4 Mutex 互斥体名（勒索 / RAT / Loader 的持久化标记）
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// 单一 Mutex 名有一定价值，但必须配合其他特征才触发
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// =============================================================================
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rule C1_PE_Mutex_Persistence {
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meta:
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risk_level = "medium"
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category = "C1"
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false_positive_rate = "medium"
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reference = "MITRE ATT&CK T1057 Process Discovery (mutex as persistence marker)"
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description = "可疑 Mutex 名称 + CreateMutex API = 持久化标记"
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strings:
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$createmutex = "CreateMutexA" ascii
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$createmutexw = "CreateMutexW" ascii
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// 常见勒索/RAT Mutex 名（大小写不敏感，含 Unicode 变体用 wide）
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// LockBit
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$lockbit1 = /Global\\[Ll]ock[Bb]it/ ascii
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$lockbit2 = /Local\\[Ll]ock[Bb]it/ ascii
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// BlackCat / ALPHV
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$blackcat = /Global\\[Bb]lack[Cc]at|[Aa][Ll][Pp][Hh][Vv]/ ascii
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// Ryuk
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$ryuk = /RyukTask[\d]|Global\\Ryuk/ ascii
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// Conti
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$conti = /Global\\[Cc]onti|Local\\[Cc]onti/ ascii
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// Pseudo/Dharma
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$dharma = /Global\\[Dd]harma|Local\\[Dd]harma/ ascii
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// 通用可疑模式：Mutex 名包含 "Mutex" + UUID 变体
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$generic1 = /Global\\Mutex[0-9a-f]{8}/ ascii
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// Kryptik/Qakbot
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$qakbot = /[Qq]akbot|[Kk]ryptik/ ascii
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// Cobalt Strike named pipe
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$cs1 = /\\\\\.\\pipe\\msagent_[0-9a-f]+/ ascii
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$cs2 = /\\\\\.\\pipe\\[Bb]eacon_[0-9a-f]+/ ascii
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condition:
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// CreateMutex + 已知家族 Mutex 名
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(any of ($createmutex*)) and any of ($lockbit1, $lockbit2, $blackcat, $ryuk, $conti, $dharma, $qakbot)
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or
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// Cobalt Strike 命名管道特征（不需要 CreateMutex）
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any of ($cs*)
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or
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// CreateMutex + 通用可疑 UUID Mutex
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(any of ($createmutex*)) and $generic1
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}
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// =============================================================================
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// C1-5 DLL 劫持 / LoadLibrary 动态加载
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// =============================================================================
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rule C1_PE_DLLHijacking {
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meta:
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risk_level = "high"
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category = "C1"
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false_positive_rate = "medium"
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reference = "MITRE ATT&CK T1574 Hijack Execution Flow"
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description = "PE 动态加载多个系统 DLL + 非系统路径 = DLL 劫持迹象"
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strings:
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$loadlib = "LoadLibraryA" ascii
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$loadlibw = "LoadLibraryW" ascii
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$getproc = "GetProcAddress" ascii
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// 可疑加载路径（非 System32）
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$path1 = /\\Users\\[^\\]+\\AppData\\Local\\Temp/ ascii
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$path2 = /\\AppData\\Local\\Temp/ ascii
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$path3 = /\\ProgramData\\/ ascii
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$path4 = /\\Public\\Documents\\/ ascii
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condition:
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// LoadLibrary + 可疑路径 + GetProcAddress = 完整劫持链
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(any of ($loadlib*)) and any of ($path*) and $getproc
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or
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// LoadLibrary + 多个可疑路径
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(any of ($loadlib*)) and 2 of ($path*)
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}
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// =============================================================================
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// C1-6 LOLBin（Living Off The Land Binary）调用特征
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// 已知合法 Windows 二进制被恶意利用来执行命令
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// =============================================================================
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rule C1_PE_LOLBin_Usage {
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meta:
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risk_level = "high"
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category = "C1"
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false_positive_rate = "low"
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reference = "https://lolbas-project.github.io/"
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description = "PE 文件中出现 LOLBin 调用：certutil / mshta / rundll32 / regsvr32 / bitsadmin / wmic / msiexec"
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strings:
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$certutil = /certutil(\.exe)?\s+(-urlcache|-decode|-encode|-hashfile)/ ascii
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$mshta = /mshta(\.exe)?\s+(https?:|javascript:|vbscript:)/ ascii
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$rundll32 = /rundll32(\.exe)?\s+[A-Za-z0-9_.]+,/ ascii
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$regsvr32 = /regsvr32(\.exe)?\s+\/s\s+\/u/ ascii
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$bitsadmin = /bitsadmin(\.exe)?\s+(\/transfer|\/create)/ ascii
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$wmic = /wmic(\.exe)?\s+(process\s+call\s+create|product\s+call)/ ascii
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$msiexec = /msiexec(\.exe)?\s+\/[ia]\s+https?:/ ascii
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$installutil = /installutil(\.exe)?\s+\/u\s+\/logfile=/ ascii
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$syncapp = /syncapp(\.exe)?\s+\/compattrack/ ascii
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$psexec = /psexec(\.exe)?\s+(-accepteula|-i\s+\d+|-w\s+https?:)/ ascii
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// 命令执行 API（用于组合条件）
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$exec1 = "CreateProcess" ascii
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$exec2 = "ShellExecute" ascii
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$exec3 = "WinExec" ascii
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condition:
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// 至少 1 个 LOLBin 调用 + 命令执行 API
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any of ($certutil*, $mshta*, $rundll32*, $regsvr32*, $bitsadmin*, $wmic*, $msiexec*, $installutil*, $syncapp*, $psexec*)
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and any of ($exec*)
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}
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// =============================================================================
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// C8-1 勒索加密 API 组合（CryptEncrypt + BCrypt* + 文件遍历 + 删除卷影）
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// =============================================================================
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rule C8_Ransomware_Encryption {
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meta:
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risk_level = "critical"
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category = "C8"
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false_positive_rate = "low"
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reference = "MITRE ATT&CK T1486 Data Encrypted for Impact"
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description = "勒索加密链：CryptEncrypt/BCryptEncrypt + 大量文件遍历 + 卷影删除 = 勒索"
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strings:
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// 加密 API（至少出现两个）
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$enc1 = "CryptEncrypt" ascii
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$enc2 = "CryptDeriveKey" ascii
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$enc3 = "BCryptEncrypt" ascii
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$enc4 = "BCryptDeriveKeyPair" ascii
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$enc5 = "CryptGenKey" ascii
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// 文件遍历（全盘加密需要）
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$enum1 = "FindFirstFileA" ascii
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$enum2 = "FindFirstFileW" ascii
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$enum3 = "FindNextFileA" ascii
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$enum4 = "FindNextFileW" ascii
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// 卷影删除（勒索前置）
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$vss1 = "vssadmin" ascii
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$vss2 = "delete shadows" ascii
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$vss3 = "DeleteShadowCopies" ascii
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$vss4 = "wmic" ascii
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// 勒索信文件名变体（出现在二进制里）
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$ransomnote1 = /(HOW_TO_RECOVER|RESTORE_FILES|DECRYPT_INSTRUCTIONS|README|HELP_DECRYPT|_readme|_restore)[\w.-]*\.(txt|html|png|jpg|bmp|url)/ nocase
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$ransomnote2 = /\.(locky|zepto|cryptolocker|tor|crpt|encrypted|virus|wallet|pay2)/ nocase
|
|||
|
|
$ransomnote3 = /bitcoin|bitcash|monero|ltc|BTC\b/ ascii
|
|||
|
|
condition:
|
|||
|
|
// 加密 API + 文件遍历 = 加密工具（必须至少 2 个加密 API）
|
|||
|
|
(2 of ($enc*)) and any of ($enum*)
|
|||
|
|
or
|
|||
|
|
// 加密 API + 卷影删除 = 完整勒索
|
|||
|
|
(any of ($enc*)) and any of ($vss*)
|
|||
|
|
or
|
|||
|
|
// 加密 API + 勒索信 + 加密文件扩展名 = 明确勒索
|
|||
|
|
(any of ($enc*)) and (any of ($ransomnote1, $ransomnote2)) and $ransomnote3
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
// =============================================================================
|
|||
|
|
// C8-2 挖矿（xmrig / stratum+tcp / 矿池域名）
|
|||
|
|
// =============================================================================
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
rule C8_Mining_Monero {
|
|||
|
|
meta:
|
|||
|
|
risk_level = "high"
|
|||
|
|
category = "C8"
|
|||
|
|
false_positive_rate = "low"
|
|||
|
|
reference = "MITRE ATT&CK T1496 Resource Hijacking"
|
|||
|
|
description = "挖矿程序特征：xmrig 命令行参数 / stratum+tcp / 矿池域名"
|
|||
|
|
strings:
|
|||
|
|
// xmrig 命令行特征
|
|||
|
|
$xmrig1 = "xmrig" ascii nocase
|
|||
|
|
$xmrig2 = /--donate-level\s+\d+/ ascii
|
|||
|
|
$xmrig3 = /-o\s+stratum\+tcp/ ascii
|
|||
|
|
$xmrig4 = /--cpu-priority\s+\d/ ascii
|
|||
|
|
$xmrig5 = /--max-threads-hint/ ascii
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
// 矿池域名（Monero）
|
|||
|
|
$pool1 = "pool.xmrig.com" ascii nocase
|
|||
|
|
$pool2 = "pool.minexmr.com" ascii nocase
|
|||
|
|
$pool3 = "pool.supportxmr.com" ascii nocase
|
|||
|
|
$pool4 = "mine.moneropool.com" ascii nocase
|
|||
|
|
$pool5 = "stratum+tcp://" ascii
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
// CPU 高占用循环特征
|
|||
|
|
$loop = /(while|for)\s*\(\s*\d+\s*[<>=]/ ascii
|
|||
|
|
$thread = "CreateThread" ascii
|
|||
|
|
condition:
|
|||
|
|
// 至少 2 个 xmrig 特征
|
|||
|
|
(any of ($xmrig1, $xmrig2, $xmrig3, $xmrig4, $xmrig5)) and 2 of ($*)
|
|||
|
|
or
|
|||
|
|
// stratum+tcp 矿池协议 + 多个线程创建
|
|||
|
|
$pool5 and ($thread or 2 of ($xmrig*))
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
// =============================================================================
|
|||
|
|
// C9 壳特征（UPX / Themida / VMProtect / Enigma）
|
|||
|
|
// 壳识别后建议升级到 L3 沙箱深检，不单独阻断
|
|||
|
|
// =============================================================================
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
rule C9_Packer_UPX {
|
|||
|
|
meta:
|
|||
|
|
risk_level = "medium"
|
|||
|
|
category = "C9"
|
|||
|
|
false_positive_rate = "low"
|
|||
|
|
reference = "UPX Packer"
|
|||
|
|
description = "UPX 加壳 PE：节名 UPX0 / UPX1 + UPX 签名"
|
|||
|
|
strings:
|
|||
|
|
$upx0 = "UPX0" ascii
|
|||
|
|
$upx1 = "UPX1" ascii
|
|||
|
|
$upx2 = "UPX!" ascii
|
|||
|
|
$upx3 = /UPX\s+\d+\.\d+/ ascii // "UPX 3.96" 这类版本字符串
|
|||
|
|
$upx4 = /UPX\b/ ascii
|
|||
|
|
condition:
|
|||
|
|
// 节名（两个）+ 签名
|
|||
|
|
($upx0 and $upx1) or ($upx2 and any of ($upx3, $upx4))
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
rule C9_Packer_Themida_VMP {
|
|||
|
|
meta:
|
|||
|
|
risk_level = "medium"
|
|||
|
|
category = "C9"
|
|||
|
|
false_positive_rate = "low"
|
|||
|
|
reference = "Themida / VMProtect"
|
|||
|
|
description = "商业壳特征：Themida / VMProtect 产品标识字符串"
|
|||
|
|
strings:
|
|||
|
|
$themida1 = "Themida" ascii wide
|
|||
|
|
$themida2 = "WinLicense" ascii wide
|
|||
|
|
$themida3 = "Oreans" ascii wide
|
|||
|
|
$vmp1 = "VMProtect" ascii wide
|
|||
|
|
$vmp3 = "VMProtect SDK" ascii wide
|
|||
|
|
condition:
|
|||
|
|
any of ($themida*) or any of ($vmp*)
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
// =============================================================================
|
|||
|
|
// C1-7 PE 高熵 + 大量网络 API（疑似加壳下载器）
|
|||
|
|
// binary.py 的 HighEntropySection 已单独扫描，但 YARA 看"熵 + 网络"组合
|
|||
|
|
// =============================================================================
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
rule C1_PE_EntropyHighNetwork {
|
|||
|
|
meta:
|
|||
|
|
risk_level = "medium"
|
|||
|
|
category = "C1"
|
|||
|
|
false_positive_rate = "medium"
|
|||
|
|
reference = "binary.py HighEntropySection 联动"
|
|||
|
|
description = "PE 同时出现：多个网络 API + 加壳特征（熵高） + 无签名"
|
|||
|
|
strings:
|
|||
|
|
$net1 = "InternetOpenUrl" ascii
|
|||
|
|
$net2 = "WinHttpOpen" ascii
|
|||
|
|
$net3 = "URLDownloadToFile" ascii
|
|||
|
|
$net4 = "WSAConnect" ascii
|
|||
|
|
// 壳特征
|
|||
|
|
$upx = "UPX0" ascii
|
|||
|
|
$themida = "Themida" ascii
|
|||
|
|
condition:
|
|||
|
|
// 网络 API + 壳特征 = 加壳下载器
|
|||
|
|
any of ($net*) and ($upx or $themida)
|
|||
|
|
}
|