diff --git a/app/engines/binary.py b/app/engines/binary.py
index d696a1b..4b75efc 100644
--- a/app/engines/binary.py
+++ b/app/engines/binary.py
@@ -16,6 +16,84 @@ from app.engines.base import Engine, EngineResult, Finding, ScanTarget, Severity
 
 BINARY_EXTS = {".exe", ".dll", ".sys", ".scr", ".com", ".cpl", ".ocx", ".msi", ".apk", ".jar", ".so", ".bin", ".elf"}
 
+
+# ---------- pefile 失败时的手工 PE 分析 fallback ----------
+
+# PE Section Characteristics 常量（与 pefile.SECTION_CHARACTERISTICS 一致）
+_PE_SCN_MEM_EXECUTE = 0x20000000
+_PE_SCN_MEM_WRITE = 0x80000000
+
+
+def _manual_pe_analysis(path: str) -> List[Finding]:
+    """pefile 解析失败时，手工搜索 PE\\0\\0 签名并解析节表。
+
+    覆盖场景：假 PE / 伪装 PE / e_lfanew 偏移错误。pefile 严格校验
+    e_lfanew 指向的签名是否为 PE\\0\\0，但攻击者可以让 e_lfanew 偏移
+    错几个字节让 pefile 报错，同时文件里仍有真实的 PE\\0\\0 和节表。
+    """
+    import struct
+
+    findings: List[Finding] = []
+    try:
+        with open(path, "rb") as fh:
+            data = fh.read()
+    except OSError:
+        return findings
+
+    # 1) MZ 头存在？（PE 文件必需）
+    if len(data) < 2 or data[:2] != b"MZ":
+        return findings  # 根本不是 PE
+
+    # 2) 尝试从 e_lfanew 取 PE 偏移；不对就全局搜索 PE\0\0
+    pe_off = -1
+    if len(data) >= 0x40:
+        try:
+            e_lfanew = struct.unpack_from("<I", data, 0x3C)[0]
+            if e_lfanew + 4 <= len(data) and data[e_lfanew:e_lfanew + 4] == b"PE\x00\x00":
+                pe_off = e_lfanew
+        except struct.error:
+            pass
+
+    if pe_off < 0:
+        pe_off = data.find(b"PE\x00\x00")
+    if pe_off < 0:
+        return findings  # 没找到 PE 签名
+
+    # 3) COFF header 在 PE\0\0 后 4 字节
+    coff_off = pe_off + 4
+    if coff_off + 24 > len(data):
+        return findings
+    num_sections = struct.unpack_from("<H", data, coff_off + 2)[0]
+    size_opt_header = struct.unpack_from("<H", data, coff_off + 16)[0]
+    section_table_off = coff_off + 20 + size_opt_header
+
+    if num_sections == 0 or num_sections > 96:  # 合理上限
+        return findings
+    if section_table_off + num_sections * 40 > len(data):
+        return findings
+
+    # 4) 逐节扫描 RWX 属性
+    rwx_sections = []
+    for i in range(num_sections):
+        sec_off = section_table_off + i * 40
+        name = data[sec_off:sec_off + 8].rstrip(b"\x00")
+        characteristics = struct.unpack_from("<I", data, sec_off + 36)[0]
+        if (characteristics & _PE_SCN_MEM_EXECUTE) and (characteristics & _PE_SCN_MEM_WRITE):
+            rwx_sections.append(name.decode("utf-8", errors="replace"))
+
+    if rwx_sections:
+        findings.append(
+            Finding(
+                engine="binary", layer="L2B",
+                severity=Severity.HIGH.value, rule="RWXSectionDetected",
+                detail=f"手工 PE 分析检测到可写且可执行的危险节：{', '.join(rwx_sections)}",
+                weight=50.0,
+            )
+        )
+
+    return findings
+
+
 # ---------- 模块级全局 YARA 规则单例 ----------
 # 所有 YaraEngine 实例共享同一个编译结果，避免重复 compile
 # rules_dir 不同时（极少见）才分叉加载
@@ -174,6 +252,10 @@ class BinaryEngine(Engine):
                     weight=10.0,
                 )
             )
+            # --- pefile 失败时尝试手工 PE 分析（覆盖假 PE / 伪装 PE）---
+            manual = _manual_pe_analysis(target.path)
+            if manual:
+                result.findings.extend(manual)
             return result
 
         try:
diff --git a/app/engines/structure.py b/app/engines/structure.py
index 4bd92e6..1b77ee2 100644
--- a/app/engines/structure.py
+++ b/app/engines/structure.py
@@ -131,6 +131,9 @@ class StructureEngine(Engine):
         # 4c) 伪装扩展名 & 双扩展名
         findings.extend(self._check_extension_mismatch(target, real_type, real_ext))
 
+        # 4d) 内嵌 EICAR 字节序列检测（ClamAV 只匹配精确 68B 纯 EICAR 的补充）
+        findings.extend(_check_embedded_eicar(target.path, ext, result.meta.get("size", 0)))
+
         # 5) LNK 快捷方式深度解析（Windows 专属，Linux 纵深防御）
         if ext == ".lnk" or real_ext == ".lnk":
             findings.extend(self._inspect_lnk(target))
@@ -577,6 +580,7 @@ class StructureEngine(Engine):
 
         # ZIP/OOXML 结构损坏（CRC 校验或 central directory）
         if real_lower.startswith("zip") or ext in {".docx", ".xlsx", ".pptx", ".xlsm", ".docm", ".pptm", ".zip", ".jar", ".apk"}:
+            findings.extend(_check_zip_trailing_garbage(path))
             try:
                 with zf.ZipFile(path, "r") as zfh:
                     bad = zfh.testzip()
@@ -1063,6 +1067,88 @@ _SAFE_PREFIX_EXTS = DOCUMENT_EXTS | {
 }
 
 
+def _check_embedded_eicar(path: str, ext: str, size: int) -> List[Finding]:
+    """检测文件中是否内嵌 EICAR 测试病毒字节序列。
+
+    ClamAV 的 Eicar-Test-Signature 只匹配**精确 68 字节纯 EICAR 文件**——
+    任何把 EICAR 前面/后面加哪怕一个字节的文件（比如加换行、嵌入大文件尾部）
+    都不会被命中。本函数作为补充，对文本/代码文件扫描是否含有 EICAR 字节串。
+
+    检测范围限制在前 1MB（足够覆盖绝大多数场景，同时防止扫描超大文件）。
+    """
+    findings: List[Finding] = []
+    # 标准 EICAR 字节序列（注意：Python 字符串里 \ 是转义，这里用原始 bytes）
+    EICAR_BYTES = b"X5O!P%@AP[4\\PZX54(P^)7CC)7}$EICAR-STANDARD-ANTIVIRUS-TEST-FILE!$H+H*"
+    # 只对纯文本/代码类扩展名做（二进制文件里出现 EICAR 几乎不可能）
+    TEXT_EXTS = {".txt", ".ps1", ".js", ".bat", ".cmd", ".vbs", ".sh", ".bash",
+                 ".py", ".php", ".asp", ".jsp", ".html", ".htm", ".csv", ".log",
+                 ".json", ".xml", ".yaml", ".yml", ".cfg", ".conf", ".ini", ".reg"}
+    if ext not in TEXT_EXTS:
+        return findings
+    try:
+        with open(path, "rb") as fh:
+            head = fh.read(1024 * 1024)  # 前 1MB
+        if EICAR_BYTES in head:
+            findings.append(
+                Finding(
+                    engine="structure", layer="L0",
+                    severity=Severity.HIGH.value, rule="EmbeddedEICAR",
+                    detail=f"文件内嵌 EICAR 测试病毒字节序列（文件大小 {size}B）",
+                    weight=35.0,
+                )
+            )
+    except OSError:
+        pass
+    return findings
+
+
+def _check_zip_trailing_garbage(path: str) -> List[Finding]:
+    """检测 ZIP/OOXML 文件尾部是否有多余数据（假损坏/被篡改的典型模式）。
+
+    攻击者可能在 EOCD 记录 (PK\x05\x06) 之后追加任意字节，
+    Python zipfile 能正常打开（只要中央目录完整），但这属于结构异常。
+    """
+    findings: List[Finding] = []
+    try:
+        with open(path, "rb") as fh:
+            fh.seek(0, 2)
+            fsize = fh.tell()
+            # 读尾部 64KB（EOCD 至少 22B，从后往前搜 PK\x05\x06）
+            tail_size = min(64 * 1024, fsize)
+            fh.seek(fsize - tail_size)
+            tail = fh.read()
+
+        eocd_pos = tail.rfind(b"PK\x05\x06")
+        if eocd_pos < 0:
+            return findings  # 没找到 EOCD，由其他 BadZipFile 路径处理
+
+        # EOCD 结构最小 22 字节，必须确保 22 字节完整 + comment_len 可读取
+        if eocd_pos + 22 > len(tail):
+            return findings  # EOCD 被截断，不做判定
+
+        # EOCD comment_len 在偏移 20-21 (little-endian)
+        eocd_comment_len = tail[eocd_pos + 20] | (tail[eocd_pos + 21] << 8)
+        eocd_total = 22 + eocd_comment_len
+        # comment_len 超过实际剩余大小也是异常，跳过
+        if eocd_pos + eocd_total > len(tail):
+            return findings
+
+        garbage = tail_size - eocd_pos - eocd_total
+
+        if garbage > 0:
+            findings.append(
+                Finding(
+                    engine="structure", layer="L0",
+                    severity=Severity.MEDIUM.value, rule="MalformedStructure",
+                    detail=f"ZIP 尾部 EOCD 后存在 {garbage} 字节多余数据，疑似篡改或假损坏",
+                    weight=25.0,
+                )
+            )
+    except OSError:
+        pass
+    return findings
+
+
 def _has_double_ext(filename: str) -> bool:
     """判断文件名是否为双扩展名伪装。